Guangzhou TV tower,
China
14 Nov 2008
Images : Information Based Architecture
It was 2 years agothis week since the city of Guangzhou won the competition
to become the host of the Asian Games in 2010. There were fireworks from
the top of the Guangzhou TV tower to celebrate this.
Furthermore the top deck of the Guangzhou TV tower will be reached on
the 28th of November completing the steel outer structure. There will
then also be a ceremony to celebrate this achievement.
Guangzhou TV-tower
Introduction
The city of Guangzhou has almost completed the work on what will be one
of the tallest buildings in the world – Information Based Architecture
(IBA) and Arup worked collaboratively to win the commission for the design
of the new TV Tower for the City of Guangzhou, which will be the host
city for the 2010 Asian Games. The tower will be one of the tallest buildings
in the world - reaching 610m in height and is hoped will attract 10,000
visitors daily.
The Competition
The international competition was held in 2004 for the design of the tower,
a 17.9ha park at its base and the master-plan for the surrounding 56.6ha
which includes an elevated Plaza, pagoda-park, retail facilities, offices,
television centre and hotel.†
Female tower
Mark Hemel, IBA architect and director, comments, “ Where most skyscrapers
bear ‘male’ features; being introvert, strong, straight, rectangular,
and based on repetition, we wanted to create a ‘female’ tower
being complex, transparent, curvy and gracious. Our aim was to design
a free-form tower with a rich and human-like identity that would represent
Guangzhou as a dynamic and exciting city. We therefore wanted it to be
non-symmetrical so that the building would look as if ‘in movement’
and ‘alive’. The result is a tower like a ‘sexy female’,
the very reason that earned her the nickname: ‘super-model’.”
The twist
We designed a 610-metre-tall twisted, tapering tube. The form, volume
and structure are generated by two ellipses, one at foundation level and
the other at an imaginary horizontal plane just above 450 metres. The
tightening caused by the rotation between the two ellipses forms a ‘waist’
and a densification of material. This means that the lattice structure,
which at the bottom of the tower is porous and spacious, becomes denser
at waist level. The waist itself becomes tight, like a twisted rope; transparency
is reduced and views to the outside are limited. Further up the tower
the lattice opens again, accentuated here by the tapering of the structural
column-tubes.
Programme
A deck at the base of the tower hides the giant building’s functional
workings. All infrastructural connections – metro and bus stations,
and a pedestrian link to the northern embankment of the river – are
met underground. This level supports other facilities as well, including
a museum, a food court, extensive commercial space, a 600-vehicle parking
area for cars and tourist coaches. The entrance operates on two levels,
one a continuation of the landscape above ground, the other connected
to the mass-transit and underground-parking facilities. Slow-speed panoramic
and enclosed high-speed double-decker lifts serve both entrance levels.
The intermediate zone form +80m up to +170m consist of facilities like
a 4D cinema, a play-hall area, restaurants, coffee shops and outdoor gardens
with teahouses.
An open-air staircase, the Skywalk, starts at the height of +170 metres
and spirals almost 200 metres higher, all the way through the waist.
The top zone of the building begins above the stairway, housing various
technical functions as well as a two-storey rotating restaurant, a damper
and the upper observation levels. From the upper observation levels it
is possible to ascend even higher, via a further set of the stairs, to
a terraced observation square rising above the tower’s top ring,
high above the booming city of Guangzhou.
Sky-walk
Spatially the tower reads like a series of mini-buildings hung within
the super-structure, with ‘mega spaces’ in between These mega-spaces
in between the mini-buildings are in fact floating gardens each varying
in atmosphere; transparent, light and open at the base, and more closed
and shaded at the waist of the tower.
Between level +170 meter and level +350 meter an open air staircase will
lead the public all the way up through the narrow waist of the building.
Here visitors can investigate the structure from close by while they are
given a physical experience of the size of the tower.
Structural description
The structure consist of a open lattice-structure that is twisted over
it’s axis, therefore creating a tightening waist halfway up the building.
This twist has created a slender grace-full profile.
The design of the lattice-grid is not only a structural one but is also
driven by esthetic and architectural and environmental considerations.
The build ability of the nodes was an important challenge while designing
the 610meter tall Guangzhou TV and Sightseeing tower.
Although none of the 1100 steel nodes are identical, still we succeeded
in creating one single type of node.
Site-progress
Since the initial winning of the scheme, the design has been developed
and wind tunnel tests, fire- and load tests have been completed. Performance-based
approaches have been adopted to achieve breakthrough on the local regulations
on planning, fire escape and structural design issues. The groundbreaking
ceremony took place in November 2005 after which the foundation and piling,
(24 x 4m diameter piles) have been constructed.
About 90% of the steel-structure has now been assembled above ground.
Recently the core of the Guangzhou TV & Sightseeing tower has topped
off at 454m while the steel structure has also reached the top deck, which
leaves only the nmast to be constructed.
The tower is due to be completed at the end of 2009, in order to be fully
operational for the 2010 Asian Games.
Guangzhou TV Tower - Credits:
Architect: Information Based Architecture
Designed by: Mark Hemel & Barbara Kuit
Structure; Arup
Local design Institute: Guangzhou Design Institute
Competition Design team:
Taco Hylkema, Patty Lui, Nate Kolbe, Stefan All, Roumpini Makridou, Eva
Prelovsek, Daniel Schiffelers
Project design team:
Taco Hylkema, Tim den Dekker, Xiaolan Lin, Anna Schepper, Rena Logara,
Moe Ekapob, Ran Ankori, Danny Marks
Information Based Architecture
Information Based Architecture (IBA) was set up in London in 1998 as a
partnership between architects Mark Hemel and Barbara Kuit. The practice
specializes in architecture, urbanism and design, and was short listed
in 2002 for the Young Architects of the Year Award in the United Kingdom.
In 2002 and 2003 the office received a research grant from the Netherlands
Foundation for Visual Arts, Design and Architecture.
Currently based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, IBA continues its work
on both large and small projects in Europe and Asia. The work includes
urban master-planning and studies, architecture, landscaping and furniture
design.
Mark Hemel teaches at the Architectural Association in London where he
has been Unit-master since 1999. Before setting up practice, Barbara Kuit
worked as a local architect on projects of Philippe Starck in London;
the Sanderson and St Martin’s Lane hotels, and subsequently worked
at the office of Zaha Hadid for several years on many projects among which;
the Mind Zone in the Millennium Dome, the Contemporary Arts Center in
Rome and Wolfsburg Science Center.
Guangzhou Architecture
Studio Information:
Information Based Architecture
Led by Mark Hemel GradDiplDes (AA) + Barbara Kuit MArch Reg Arch
Information Based Architecture
Stavangerweg 890
studio 29
1013 AX Amsterdam
The Netherlands
tel:+31 (0)20 6366222 www.iba-bv.com
Guangzhou Opera House
Chinese Buildings
World Architecture : e-architect
- a guide to key buildings across the globe
Guangzhou TV Station
Guangzhou Velodrome
Taiwan Architecture
Buildings / photos for the Guangzhou Architecture page welcome:
info@e-architect.co.uk
Guangzhou TV Tower : page
- adrian welch / isabelle lomholt