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Birds Nest Beijing, National Stadium, Building, Pictures, Olympic, China, Design
Bird's Nest, Olympic Games - National Stadium : Images
Beijing Photos - Chinese Architecture by Herzog & De Meuron
Chinese National Stadium (Birds Nest), Beijing
2004-08
Architects: ArupSport, Herzog & De Meuron Architekten AG
with China Architecture Design & Research Group
The Centrepiece of Beijing Olympics

photos © Arup_Ben McMillan
Lubetkin Prize
winner 2009
The National Stadium will host the opening and closing ceremonies
of the 29th Olympiad, as well as athletic track and field events.
On completion it will have a capacity of 91 000 seats, including 11
000 temporary seats for the duration of the Games.
The Stadium is located in the Olympic Green, the focal point for the
Beijing Games. The buildings vast scale and dramatic form will
create a new icon for China and the City of Beijing. The circular
form of the Stadium represents Heaven, while the adjacent square form
of the National Aquatics Centre, also design-engineered by Arup, is
a reflection of the Chinese symbol for Earth.
Although the structural form of the Stadium is popularly described
as a 'bird's nest', the pattern was initially inspired by Chinese
style 'crazed' pottery, typically found in Beijing markets, and the
randomness of the natural world. Although seemingly arbitrary, the
pattern abides by complex rules from which ArupSport was able to define
the geometry. Without this, the Stadium would be impossible to build.
To reduce costs, the outside of the Stadium needed to have minimum
surface area while also being able to contain the entire structure;
therefore, ArupSport designed the seating bowl first and then the
outside façade to wrap around it. The bowl is designed to optimise
spectator sight lines and minimise distance between seats and the
field where action takes place.
The Stadium is located in one of the world's most seismic zones and
therefore needs to withstand major earthquakes. ArupSport used advanced
computer analysis to test the structure under earthquake of different
intensity and direction.

picture © Marcel Lam
The National Stadium is designed in such a way that the spectator
will be left wondering which aspects of the structure are functional
and which have been included for appearance alone. The Stadium combines
a sense of chaos with one of order.
Birds Nest Beijing - Building Information
Client: National Stadium Co Ltd
Arup Scope of Work: Full multidisciplinary service including sports
architecture, structural, mechanical, electrical and public health
engineering, acoustics, fire strategy, sports lighting and wind engineering
Seating Capacity: 91 000 including 11 000 temporary seats for the
Games
Gross Floor Area: 254 600m2
Height: maximum 69.2m (266.4ft) above pitch level
Design Consortium: Arup, Herzog & De Meuron Architekten AG, China
Architecture Design & Research Group
Completion Date: Early 2008
Birds Nest Beijing Stadium photos / information from Arup
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